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1. #Relationship between validity and reliability how to#
2. #Relationship between validity and reliability generator#

How to ensure validity and reliability in your research To assess the validity of a cause-and-effect relationship, you also need to consider internal validity (the design of the experiment) and external validity (the generalizability of the results). If the results accurately predict the later outcome of an election in that region, this indicates that the survey has high criterion validity. The extent to which the result of a measure corresponds to other valid measures of the same concept.Ī survey is conducted to measure the political opinions of voters in a region. Experts agree that listening comprehension is an essential aspect of language ability, so the test lacks content validity for measuring the overall level of ability in Spanish. The extent to which the measurement covers all aspects of the concept being measured.Ī test that aims to measure a class of students’ level of Spanish contains reading, writing and speaking components, but no listening component. Strong correlation between the scores for self-esteem and associated traits would indicate high construct validity. The adherence of a measure to existing theory and knowledge of the concept being measured.Ī self-esteem questionnaire could be assessed by measuring other traits known or assumed to be related to the concept of self-esteem (such as social skills and optimism). Each type can be evaluated through expert judgement or statistical methods. The validity of a measurement can be estimated based on three main types of evidence. If the two results are very different, this indicates low internal consistency. If you randomly split the results into two halves, there should be a strong correlation between the two sets of results. You design a questionnaire to measure self-esteem. The consistency of the measurement itself: do you get the same results from different parts of a test that are designed to measure the same thing? This indicates that the assessment checklist has low inter-rater reliability (for example, because the criteria are too subjective). The consistency of a measure across raters or observers: do you get the same results when different people conduct the same measurement?īased on an assessment criteria checklist, five examiners submit substantially different results for the same student project. If they repeat the questionnaire days, weeks or months apart and give the same answers, this indicates high test-retest reliability. The consistency of a measure across time: do you get the same results when you repeat the measurement?Ī group of participants complete a questionnaire designed to measure personality traits. Types of reliabilityĭifferent types of reliability can be estimated through various statistical methods. Methods of estimating reliability and validity are usually split up into different types. Validity is harder to assess, but it can be estimated by comparing the results to other relevant data or theory. Reliability can be estimated by comparing different versions of the same measurement. How are reliability and validity assessed? This ensures that your discussion of the data and the conclusions you draw are also valid. To obtain useful results, the methods you use to collect your data must be valid: the research must be measuring what it claims to measure. Validity is harder to assess than reliability, but it is even more important. This indicates that the method might have low validity: the test may be measuring participants’ reading comprehension instead of their working memory.

The results are reliable, but participants’ scores correlate strongly with their level of reading comprehension. The extent to which the results really measure what they are supposed to measure.īy checking the consistency of results across time, across different observers, and across parts of the test itself.īy checking how well the results correspond to established theories and other measures of the same concept.Ī reliable measurement is not always valid: the results might be reproducible, but they’re not necessarily correct.Ī valid measurement is generally reliable: if a test produces accurate results, they should be reproducible.Ī group of participants take a test designed to measure working memory. The extent to which the results can be reproduced when the research is repeated under the same conditions. It’s important to consider reliability and validity when you are creating your research design, planning your methods, and writing up your results, especially in quantitative research. Reliability is about the consistency of a measure, and validity is about the accuracy of a measure.

They indicate how well a method, technique or test measures something. Reliability and validity are concepts used to evaluate the quality of research.

#Relationship between validity and reliability generator#